Transformers

A transformer is a static electrical device that transfers electrical energy between two or more beings.

A varying current in one coil of the transformer produces a varying magnetic flux, which, in turn, induces a varying electromotive force (emf) or “voltage” across a second coil wound around the same core.

Electricity can be transferred between the two beings, without a metallic connection between them. Faraday’s law of induction discovered in 1831 described the induced voltage effect in any coil due to changing magnetic flux encircled by the coil.

Transformers are used for increasing or decreasing the alternating voltages in electric power applications.

Since the invention of the first constant-potential transformer in 1885, transformers have become essential for the transmission, distribution, and utilization of alternating current electrical energy.[3]

A wide range of transformer designs is encountered in electronic and electric power applications. Transformers range in size from RF transformers less than a cubic centimeter in volume to units weighing hundreds of tons used to interconnect the power grid.